Lake Tanganyika is one of the most fascinating lakes in the world. The cichlids of Lake Tanganyika dominate the fish fauna, in number of species as well as in numbers of specimens. The species of the cichlid genus Tropheus are so specialized in feeding habits, that they are not able disperse beyond rocky areas. As a result the fish of this genus developed its own quite distinguishable color variety for almost every single reef in the enormous lake. Because the display of color is an important factor in the courtship behavior of this fish, the different varieties developed beautiful coloration patterns. For the first time ever, all known color varieties, over 120 including the latest, never pictured varieties, are described and pictured. A study of over 10 year by the author Peter Schupke, resulted in a comprehensive book in which the latest scientific methods have been included.